System of electrodynamic propulsion.



3.1 U'LJ Patented Apr. 23, l90l.

' L. noszurup, c. ZEL'ENAY & J. DULAIT.

SYSTEM OF EiEGTRODYIAIlC PRUPULSION.

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I 1592,70. Patented Apr. 23, 1901. L. BOSENFELD, c. ZELENAY & .1.DULAIT. svsnzn 0F ELECTRDDYNAIIIC PROPULSION. (pplicaticn filed Jul. 81,1900.) (lo Iodol.) 2 Shoets-Sheet 2 gm T UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEON ROSENFELD, CONSTANTIN ZELENAY, AND JULIEN DULAIT, OF CHARLEROI,BELGIUM.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRODYNAMIC PROPULSION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 672,712, dated April23, 1 901. Application filed January 81,1900. Serial No. 3,504. (Nomodel.)

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, LEON ROSENFELD, CONSTANTIN ZELENAY, and J ULIENDULAIT, engineers, of Oharleroi, in the Kingdom of Belgium, haveinvented a certain new anduseful Improved System Propulsion; and we dothe following is a full, scription of the same.

The object of this invention is to provide an improved construction ofthe inducing and induced elements in the polyphase-current system ofelectrodynamicpropulsion, in which the induced element or armaturesuspended from the vehicle is influenced parallel to the inducingelement or field-magnet without any other correlation theretothan theenergy produced in the inter-air-space, the said improved constructionbeing intended to obviate the chief disadvantage of the system, whichlies in the insufficiency of the inter-air-space, by renderingit muchmore adequate without diminishing the eifect of the magnetic flux to beapplied to the armature by which the vehicle is propelled. Hitherto theminimum adequacy of the inter-air-space has been indispensable forobtaining, with a given weight of copper for the mpere-turns of thefield-magnet a magnetic ux applying sufiicient energy to the armaturefor the propulsion of the vehicle, as with the existing arrangements itwas not possible to increase of Electrodynamic hereby declare thatclear, and exact dethe value of the inter-air-space without diminishingits energy in the same proportion, so that in order in this case tomaintain the same energy of the magnetic flux a considerable increase inthe weight of the copper would be suggested as necessary. As, moreover,the very little value of the interair-space renders this system ofpropulsion, if not impossible, atleast very difficult in practice, as inconsequence of the jolting of the vehicle it might even happen thatcontact would be established between the fieldmagnet and armature, withall its possible disastrous consequences, it becomes necessary toincrease the value of the inter-airspace considerably. Now this increaseof the actual value of the inter-air-space, which is about threemillimeters,to nearly four times its valuesay to twelvemillimeters-without increasing the weight of the copper, whilepreserving an energy equal to the magnetic flux, is realizable by meansof a special arrangement of the pole-pieces of the armature and of thefield-magnet, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a transverse section of the new construction of the armatureand of the fieldmagnet, the copper being applied in drum, as in theSiemens systel Fig. 2 is a similar section with the copper applied inannular winding, as in the Gramme system. Fig. 3 is a plan view showingpartly drum and partly annular coils. Figs. 3 and 3 show in section andplan view another construction of armature. Fig. 4 is a side elevationshowing diagrammatically the rheostat for starting in connection withthe armature.

The realization of the inventiou-that is to say, maintaining the sameenergy in an inter-air-space four times larger than the ordinary-ischiefly due to the enlarging of the pole-surfaces without increasing thesection of the iron portion which carries the copper winding in order toexcite the radiation of lines of force in the direction of the width, soas to compensate for the loss of force experienced in the direction ofthe height of the inter-air-space by its extension in width.

In practice the arrangement carried out in conformity with theparticulars given above can be suitably effected in the followingmanner: The magnetic metal or iron in the fieldmagnet, as well as in thearmature, consists, preferably, of thin plates or laminae of sheetironjoined together and is applied in two parts, the one part a beingcomposed of a series of thin longitudinal plates, either in the form ofa continuous rectangular bar or in interrupted sections throughout itscourse, and on which the series of consecutive polepieces I), which formthe other part, are placed. These likewise constitute a collection ofthin plates joined together, but cut out in T form, the side extensions0 c of which are considerably widened, while the vertical part has onlya suificient section for the passage of the magnetic flux correspondingto suitable induction. The plates of the longitudinal bar a, as well asthose of the polei pieces 6, are joined together by means of rivg'ets orbolts. A Ifhe longitudinal parts a. of the field-mag- 4 net and of thearmature are fitted into braces -e, of which that belonging to thefield-magnet forms part of the foot f, placed crosswise, while thosebelonging to the armature are 1 suspended, by means of adjustable rodsg, to .10 a sleeve or be); on the axle-1t oithe-vehicle.

I The pole-pieces are bounuveitightly tothe' longitudinal bars,'andthus'solidly'ccmbined therewith and retained, on the one hand, in thebraces e by adjustable tie-rods 2' and, on I5 the other, against thepole-pieces by lugs k,

cast in one piece with the plates and serving at the same time forbinding the extremities of these together. 7 (Instead of making thepole-pieces "b of a collection of thin plates cut out in T form andvertically joined together side by side, as 7 shown in Figs. 1, 2, and.3, they may be madealso by superposition of two collections of thinrectangular plates b, of variable length, 2 5 being bent at right anglesand suitably'joined j "together by belts or rivets d, as shown in Figs.3 and 3, thus constituting a more-economical mode of construction: ,Inthis -ar- 'rangement the longitudinal bars a, in the I 0 form of joinedplates, chiefly serve to facilii tate the passage of the lines of forceproduced by the current running through the copper -windings, which maybe in either of the socalled drum and ring forms,as preferred. In Fig. 1the winding Z is formed asa drum, and inthis case the copper surroundsthe feet of the pole-pieces, while in Fig. 2 the winding isrepresentedcin ring form, in which case the copper is wound on thelongitudie nal bar. The windings are situated in both cases in thespacesformed by the gaps between the pole-piecs,where they are arranged.fi-at, as shown in Fig. 3. a The armature, closely connected with the 1vehicle, may be made in a single piece; but it is preferably constructedin several by reason of the special advantages accruing from thisarrangement in its application to tractional purposes. o The control ofthe vehiclethat is to say,

the starting, relaxation of speed, an'dstop- .pin-g, in otherwords theputting into action. or the'suspension of the action of the mag-- neticfln'xeiscarried out in the manner generaily adopted in connection withpolyphase motorsthat isto say, through the medium I of a rheostato, thecoils of which areconnected -with windings of the armature belongug .tothe system, as shown diagrammatically 'in Fig. 4,..for-a triple-phasesystem, for exampleQ-Sin. which the rheostat wires, as well E r-e tersPatent, is-- windings of the armature-and of-the el dqnagnet, are shownin full lines,accordng the position given by theconductor to f betweenthe propeller and the inducing-conductor, meets all the requirements ofsatisfactory working without presenting any of the disadvantages whichliave hitherto rendered this system impracticable, and it may withoutany further hesitation be brought into practical use.

From the elTects-above described in the system of tangential tractionbythe arrangement of widened pole-pieces it follows that this '85 systemmay be-employed with corresponding advantages to alternating-currentmotors, with the view of increasing their power without the addition ofcopper windings.

What we claim, and desire to secure by Let- 1. In an electric-tractionsystem with polyphase currents, having no connection other than thesliding magnetic field between the induction element suspended on thevehicle and the inductor extending on the track; the construction of theinductor'and the induced element respectively with pole-pieces in T formextended laterally in relation to the diameter of the magnetic core, asdescribed.

2. In an electric-traction system with polyphase currents and slidingmagnetic field; having an induction element suspended on the vehicle andan inductor extending along the track; the combination of aseries ofpolepieces composed of bundles of plates united in T shape, with verywide extension laterally to-the track, beyond the diameter of themagnetic core; a laminated'longitudinal bar to'which the shanks of 'suchpole-pieces are no connected and suitable braces .and tie-rods by whichthe longitudinal bars and polepieces are firmly connected to thesupportingfoot of the field-magfnet and the hangers upon the axlesrespectively.

3. The pole-pieces consisting of two series of slender plates of unequallength, bent at right angles, suitably superimposed and joined togetherby rivets -or bolts, substantially as shown and described.

In witness whereof we have 'hereunto set our hands in presence of twowitnesses.

- LEON ROSENEELD.

CONSTANTIN ZELENAY; JULIEN DULAIT.

Witnesses:

:AUQ,MGRERISSEE, f -Gannon!" PHELAIN.

